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Sezvinoratidzwa nechati iri pamusoro, PCB inopedza application yakasiyana zvakanyanya mumakore makumi maviri apfuura sezvo tekinoroji ichikura uye kuvapo kwenzvimbo-inoshamwaridzika nzira.
1) HASL Inotungamira Yemahara.Electronics yadzikira zvakanyanya muhuremu uye saizi pasina kupira kuita kana kuvimbika mumakore achangopfuura, izvo zvakaganhurira kushandiswa kweHASL kusvika pamwero mukuru uyo ​​usina kuenzana pamusoro uye haukodzere kune yakanaka pitch, BGA, madiki ezvikamu kuiswa uye akaputirwa nemakomba.Kupisa kwemhepo yekumisa kupedzisa kune kuita kukuru (kuvimbika, kutengeswa, pekugara yakawanda yekudziya kutenderera uye hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu) paPCB gungano nemapadhi akakura uye nzvimbo.Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kudhura uye anowanikwa kupera.Kunyangwe tekinoroji yeHASL yakagadziridzwa kuita chizvarwa chitsva cheHASL inotungamira-isina kutevedza zvirango zveRoHS uye mirairo yeWEEE, kupera kwemhepo inopisa kunodonha kusvika 20-40% muPCB yekugadzira indasitiri kubva pakutonga (3/4) nzvimbo iyi muma1980s.
2) OSP.OSP yaive yakakurumbira nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera uye maitiro ari nyore uye kuve ne-co-planar pads.Ichiri kugamuchirwa nekuda kweizvi.Iyo organic coating process inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya pane ese akajairwa maPCB kana epamberi maPCB akadai sepitch yakanaka, SMT, mabhodhi ekushandira.Kuvandudzwa kuchangoburwa kweplate multilayer ye organic coating inovimbisa OSP inomira akawanda kutenderera kwekutengesa.Kana iyo PCB isina pamusoro pekubatanidza inoshanda zvinodiwa kana pasherufu yehupenyu mipimo, OSP ichave yakanyanya kunaka kupedzisa kwepamusoro maitiro.Zvisinei zvikanganiso zvayo, kunzwisiswa kwekubata kukuvara, hupfupi pasherufu hupenyu, kusaita uye kunetsa kuongorora kunonotsa nhanho yayo kuti ive yakasimba.Inofungidzirwa kuti inenge 25% -30% yePCB parizvino inoshandisa organic coating process.
3) ENIG.ENIG ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa kupedzisa pakati pepamberi maPCB uye maPCB akaiswa munzvimbo ine hutsinye, nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanaka pane planar surface, solderability uye kusimba, kuramba kusvibisa.Vazhinji vagadziri vePCB vane electroless nickel / kunyudza mitsara yegoridhe mumafekitori avo emabhodhi edunhu kana mashopu.Pasina kufunga nezve mutengo uye kudzora maitiro, ENIG ichave yakanakira dzimwe nzira dzeHASL uye inokwanisa kushandisa zvakanyanya.Electroless nickel / kunyudzwa goridhe raikura nekukurumidza muma1990s nekuda kwekugadzirisa dambudziko rekudzika kwemhepo inopisa uye kubviswa kweiyo organically coated flux.ENEPIG seyakagadziridzwa vhezheni yeENIG, yakagadzirisa dema padhi dambudziko re electroless nickel / kunyudza goridhe asi richiri kudhura.Iko kushandiswa kwe ENIG kune kuderera zvishoma kubva pakukwira kwemutengo wakaderera kutsiva senge Immersion Ag, Immersion Tin uye OSP.Inofungidzirwa nezve 15-25% yePCBs parizvino kugamuchira iyi kupera.Kana pasina kubatana kwebhajeti, ENIG kana ENEPIG isarudzo yakanaka pane mazhinji emamiriro kunyanya kune maPCB ane zvakanyanya-zvinoda zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro inishuwarenzi, yakaoma mapakeji matekinoroji, akawanda soldering marudzi, kuburikidza-maburi, waya bonding, uye press fit tekinoroji, nezvimwewo..
4) Kunyudza Silver.Sekutsiva kwakachipa kwe ENIG, kunyudzwa sirivheri ine zvivakwa zvekuve neyakafuratira nzvimbo, huru conductivity, zvine mwero pasherufu hupenyu.Kana PCB yako ichida kurira kwakanaka / BGA SMT, kuiswa kwezvikamu zvidiki, uye inoda kuchengetedza-yakabatana basa iwe uine yakaderera bhajeti, kunyudza sirivha isarudzo yaunofarira iwe.IAg inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvekukurukurirana, motokari, uye makombiyuta peripherals, nezvimwewo .Kukura kwesirivheri yekunyudzwa kunononoka (asi kuchiri kusimuka) nekuda kwekudzika kwekuve nehungwaru kusvibisa uye kuve nemasolder joint voids.Pane 10% -15% yePCB parizvino inoshandisa kupera uku.
5) Kunyudza Tin.Kunyudza Tin yakaunzwa mukuita kwepamusoro pekupedzisira kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri.Kugadzira otomatiki ndiye mutyairi mukuru weISn pamusoro pekupedzisira.Iyo imwe inodhura-inoshanda sarudzo kune yakafuratira pamusoro pezvinodiwa, yakanaka pitch components kuiswa uye press-fit.ISn inonyanya kukodzera kutaurirana backplanes pasina chero chinhu chitsva chakawedzerwa panguva yekuita.Tin Whisker uye pfupi kushanda hwindo ndiko kudzikisira kukuru kwekushandisa kwayo.Multiple mhando yekuunganidza haina kukurudzirwa kupihwa intermetallic layer kuwedzera panguva ye soldering.Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwekunyudzwa kwetini kunorambidzwa nekuda kwekuvapo kwecarcinogens.Inofungidzirwa kuti inosvika 5% -10% yePCB parizvino inoshandisa kunyudza tin process.
6) Electrolytic Ni/Au.Electrolytic Ni/Au ndiye akatanga PCB pamusoro pekurapa tekinoroji.Yaonekwa ne emergency yePrinted circuit boards.Nekudaro, mutengo wakakwira zvakanyanya unodzikamisa kushandiswa kwayo.Mazuva ano, goridhe rakapfava rinonyanya kushandiswa kune waya yegoridhe mukurongedza chip;Goridhe rakaomarara rinonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza magetsi munzvimbo dzisiri dzekutengesa senge zvigunwe zvegoridhe uye IC vatakuri.Chikamu cheElectroplating Nickel-goridhe chinenge 2-5%.